Solvent

A solvent is a pure or mixed liquid that is used to make the paint flowable when it is applied. Solvents are chemical substances that can dissolve, suspend, or extract other materials. Solvents work on the principle of “like dissolves like.” Therefore, a solvent will work if it has similar chemical characteristics to the substance that it is trying to dissolve.

Water is also a solvent, which is described as “inorganic” (not containing carbon). Types of solvent are ester (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketone (acetone, methyl ehtyl ketone, MIBK), alcohol (ethanol, buthanol), aromatic hydrocarbon (toluen, xylene, benzene), aliphatic hydrocarbon (n-hexane, heptane), ether (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether).

Solvents are volatile liquids added to paints to dissolve the binder (the resin component) and to modify the paint viscosity. The solvent must have an evaporation rate that works well in the application environment. Ideally, the solvent should also be nontoxic, of low cost, and have an acceptable odor.

What is Paint??

Paint has been used for art for thousands of years. The oldest civilizations such as the Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians used paint
made with a mixture of mineral pigments (copper, iron, etc.),
beeswax, and resin and then fixed with heat. The caveman use to decorated their cave with the picture of their dailiy activity (like hunting).

In nowadays modern live, paint has lot of function, as protection, decorative, and some special purpose.
As protection, paint will protect the material that its covered by giving insulation or barrier from the environtment (water, chemical, UV, etc.), so the material will not be affected by the environment.
As decorative purpose, paint gives color, gloss, or texture to the product that it is applied.
And some time paint was applied to have some special purpose such as corrosion resistance, insulation, wear resistance, etc.

Paint was made by four component : resin, pigment, solvent, and additive.